A VJ mixes live video often to provide a visual experience to a music event. The techniques can also be used to create backdrops to the performing arts, to create moods in social spaces or even to make music videoclips 'live', rather than pre-produce them.
I have VJ'd since 1995. On my first big event I used the pause/play buttons on a V100 linear video-editing computer plugged to a projector to create the scenic backgrounds to a West Side Story musical. A lot has changed since, and here is how I do it.
The Footage
You can cut scenes or clips out of movies, download it from YouTube, download free VJ libraries, buy VJ libraries, exchange them with friends, video something yourself or video something on your computer (such as screensavers, for example).
The Internet Archive has a lot of free clips and footage, both specifically for VJs or simply cool vintage public-domain videos. For example:
http://www.archive.org/details/ANALOG_RECYCLING_VJ_LOOPS Resolume.com and other VJ websites also have VJ clips available; some free, some for sale.
To buy: http://www.resolume.com/footage/ Free: http://www.resolume.com/footage/archive.php You can use online tools to download YouTube videos as .mp4 or .mov files.
http://keepvid.com/ or
http://www.freecorder.com (for example).
You can also film something, or create animated Flash files. (SWF also works)
Preparing the footage No matter where the footage comes from, it's a good idea to convert it all to the same format and size. If the size changes, it will show up on your live video feed. If the codec is not accepted by your computer (a mac-only codec on a pc machine, for example) you will also run into trouble. Some other codecs might behave a little weird. ... etc.
I use
VirtualDub (
http://www.virtualdub.org/) to cut, re-size and / or re-save footage to a standard format. It's free, simple to use, and I can either convert a whole folder or 'slice' a movie to get the clips I want.
Another program I use a lot is
Adobe Premiere Pro. It's a fantastic video editing tool. You can place the footage on a track and cut, fade, loop, use effects and prepare the footage exactly how you want it, before exporting it to the right format.
There are many, many free (and paid) tools that will convert footage from one format to another. Sometimes you might have to use a program to convert an mp4 file to a .mov file and a different one to go from .mov to .avi. It's all trial and error, and depends on where you're getting your footage from...
The footage properties
When I prepare the footage, this is what you I aim for:
640x480 pixels
3:4 ratio, square pixels (for desktop)
25 frames per second
A keyframe per each frame (so it doesn't 'jump' when you scrub the footage back/forth)
Length between 5 seconds and 7 minutes, depending on the footage.
30 second clips are pretty good to cut and mix live.
7-minute clips give you time to breathe.
Format: AVI (for Windows and Mac)
Codec: Cinepak
Cinepak is not an ideal codec, but it's supported by PC and Mac and most older machines. It's old and reliable, but the quality of image is not ideal - and doesn't compress very well.
Resolume has its own codec (DXV) which can work very well - specially if you are only going to use Resolume as your VJ software. If you use other softwares, sometimes it's not recognized.
In the end, it's also good for you to go out and try different codecs, read up some forums and decide for yourself - adjusted to the speed of your machine, the software you use and the 'look' you are going for.
Codecs This is pretty important. It will drive you crazy for a while, until you 'get it'.
Even when a file is encapsulated in a generic form (.avi or .mov), there are thousands of different ways to compress a video file. So and .avi file can be compressed by Xvid, DivX, Cinepak, H264... etc.
Some programs will install codecs in your computer by default (Premiere, VirtualDub, DivX, etc).
Others you can install using the K-lite Codec Pack (
http://www.codecguide.com/) and others you will just have to chase down.
Video editing
At this point you can open Premiere to create a music video clip.
Lay down your sound track first; then import your footage, and lay down the video as you see fit.
Export to 1024 x 768 avi (or .mov), codec H264 at 25fps... and you have something you can upload to YouTube.
Software
I recommend Resolume Avenue 3.3 (
http://www.resolume.com)
It's easy to use, very comprehensive, and the latest version is very stable, and available for Mac and PC.
I recommend it over other softwares such as Arkaos, AVMixer, Modul8 (for Mac)... and all the other hundreds of lesser known VJ tools that are out there.
Of course, you also need a powerful machine to run it on, with a strong video card that will be able to cope once you plug your machine to the projector. I use a MacBook Pro since my old PC laptop can't handle the latest version of Resolume.
Now, let's say you have your footage neatly saved in individual clips, in well-labeled folders... and you have Resolume installed and ready to go.
... turn on the music, open Resolume... and get VJ'ing!
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